Musicking at GiGi’s Playhouse: Development and implementation of a telehealth family-based music therapy program for children with Down syndrome

Abstract

In this small-scale observational study, we examined the feasibility and potential therapeutic benefits of delivering a synchronous, telehealth-based, family-based music therapy program for children with Down syndrome and their caregivers. In collaboration with a community partner, we developed and implemented a 10-week program during the COVID-19 pandemic as both a service initiative and a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE; Bangera & Brownell, 2014). Two parent–child dyads completed the intervention, participating in themed, music-based experiences designed to promote positive parent–child interactions. Observational data collected using a modified version of the 6-Item Observational Checklist (Nicholson et al., 2008; Williams et al., 2012) indicated consistent achievement of parent and child behavioural objectives. Specifically, we documented increases in positive affect, responsiveness, and engagement across sessions. Parents effectively modelled participation strategies and adapted to the format of music therapy delivered synchronously in real time through videoconferencing (telehealth), while children demonstrated active involvement through verbal, musical, and movement responses. Results suggest that telehealth delivery of family-based music therapy is procedurally feasible and can support bi-directional parent–child interactions for families of children with Down syndrome. Recommendations for future research include expanding sample size, incorporating standardised outcome measures, and comparing in-person versus telehealth formats.